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Roman Numeral Converter

Roman Numeral Converter
for numbers, dates & years

Turn any number, year or date into Roman numerals, or read a Roman numeral back as a number. Copy-ready for a ring, bar or bracelet.

The seven Roman numerals

Every Roman numeral is built from just these seven symbols.

Symbols are added when they descend in value (VI = 6) and subtracted when a smaller symbol comes first (IV = 4, IX = 9). The full rules are further down.

Roman numerals 1 to 100

Every number from 1 to 100 with its Roman numeral. Scroll inside the chart to see them all.

  • 1 I
  • 2 II
  • 3 III
  • 4 IV
  • 5 V
  • 6 VI
  • 7 VII
  • 8 VIII
  • 9 IX
  • 10 X
  • 11 XI
  • 12 XII
  • 13 XIII
  • 14 XIV
  • 15 XV
  • 16 XVI
  • 17 XVII
  • 18 XVIII
  • 19 XIX
  • 20 XX
  • 21 XXI
  • 22 XXII
  • 23 XXIII
  • 24 XXIV
  • 25 XXV
  • 26 XXVI
  • 27 XXVII
  • 28 XXVIII
  • 29 XXIX
  • 30 XXX
  • 31 XXXI
  • 32 XXXII
  • 33 XXXIII
  • 34 XXXIV
  • 35 XXXV
  • 36 XXXVI
  • 37 XXXVII
  • 38 XXXVIII
  • 39 XXXIX
  • 40 XL
  • 41 XLI
  • 42 XLII
  • 43 XLIII
  • 44 XLIV
  • 45 XLV
  • 46 XLVI
  • 47 XLVII
  • 48 XLVIII
  • 49 XLIX
  • 50 L
  • 51 LI
  • 52 LII
  • 53 LIII
  • 54 LIV
  • 55 LV
  • 56 LVI
  • 57 LVII
  • 58 LVIII
  • 59 LIX
  • 60 LX
  • 61 LXI
  • 62 LXII
  • 63 LXIII
  • 64 LXIV
  • 65 LXV
  • 66 LXVI
  • 67 LXVII
  • 68 LXVIII
  • 69 LXIX
  • 70 LXX
  • 71 LXXI
  • 72 LXXII
  • 73 LXXIII
  • 74 LXXIV
  • 75 LXXV
  • 76 LXXVI
  • 77 LXXVII
  • 78 LXXVIII
  • 79 LXXIX
  • 80 LXXX
  • 81 LXXXI
  • 82 LXXXII
  • 83 LXXXIII
  • 84 LXXXIV
  • 85 LXXXV
  • 86 LXXXVI
  • 87 LXXXVII
  • 88 LXXXVIII
  • 89 LXXXIX
  • 90 XC
  • 91 XCI
  • 92 XCII
  • 93 XCIII
  • 94 XCIV
  • 95 XCV
  • 96 XCVI
  • 97 XCVII
  • 98 XCVIII
  • 99 XCIX
  • 100 C

Years in Roman numerals

Birth years, wedding years and anniversary years from 1950 to 2035. This year is highlighted; scroll inside the list for the rest.

  • 1950 MCML
  • 1951 MCMLI
  • 1952 MCMLII
  • 1953 MCMLIII
  • 1954 MCMLIV
  • 1955 MCMLV
  • 1956 MCMLVI
  • 1957 MCMLVII
  • 1958 MCMLVIII
  • 1959 MCMLIX
  • 1960 MCMLX
  • 1961 MCMLXI
  • 1962 MCMLXII
  • 1963 MCMLXIII
  • 1964 MCMLXIV
  • 1965 MCMLXV
  • 1966 MCMLXVI
  • 1967 MCMLXVII
  • 1968 MCMLXVIII
  • 1969 MCMLXIX
  • 1970 MCMLXX
  • 1971 MCMLXXI
  • 1972 MCMLXXII
  • 1973 MCMLXXIII
  • 1974 MCMLXXIV
  • 1975 MCMLXXV
  • 1976 MCMLXXVI
  • 1977 MCMLXXVII
  • 1978 MCMLXXVIII
  • 1979 MCMLXXIX
  • 1980 MCMLXXX
  • 1981 MCMLXXXI
  • 1982 MCMLXXXII
  • 1983 MCMLXXXIII
  • 1984 MCMLXXXIV
  • 1985 MCMLXXXV
  • 1986 MCMLXXXVI
  • 1987 MCMLXXXVII
  • 1988 MCMLXXXVIII
  • 1989 MCMLXXXIX
  • 1990 MCMXC
  • 1991 MCMXCI
  • 1992 MCMXCII
  • 1993 MCMXCIII
  • 1994 MCMXCIV
  • 1995 MCMXCV
  • 1996 MCMXCVI
  • 1997 MCMXCVII
  • 1998 MCMXCVIII
  • 1999 MCMXCIX
  • 2000 MM
  • 2001 MMI
  • 2002 MMII
  • 2003 MMIII
  • 2004 MMIV
  • 2005 MMV
  • 2006 MMVI
  • 2007 MMVII
  • 2008 MMVIII
  • 2009 MMIX
  • 2010 MMX
  • 2011 MMXI
  • 2012 MMXII
  • 2013 MMXIII
  • 2014 MMXIV
  • 2015 MMXV
  • 2016 MMXVI
  • 2017 MMXVII
  • 2018 MMXVIII
  • 2019 MMXIX
  • 2020 MMXX
  • 2021 MMXXI
  • 2022 MMXXII
  • 2023 MMXXIII
  • 2024 MMXXIV
  • 2025 MMXXV
  • 2026 MMXXVI
  • 2027 MMXXVII
  • 2028 MMXXVIII
  • 2029 MMXXIX
  • 2030 MMXXX
  • 2031 MMXXXI
  • 2032 MMXXXII
  • 2033 MMXXXIII
  • 2034 MMXXXIV
  • 2035 MMXXXV

Months in Roman numerals

Use the month number when you write a date in Roman numerals.

Month Number Roman
January 1 I
February 2 II
March 3 III
April 4 IV
May 5 V
June 6 VI
July 7 VII
August 8 VIII
September 9 IX
October 10 X
November 11 XI
December 12 XII

Bigger round numbers

Hundreds and thousands, up to the largest standard numeral.

How to read Roman numerals: the rules

Six rules cover every standard Roman numeral.

  1. Rule 1

    Add when the symbols fall in value

    Read left to right and add up symbols that go from larger to smaller.

    VI = 5 + 1 = 6 · XVII = 17 · MDC = 1,600

  2. Rule 2

    Subtract when a smaller symbol comes first

    A smaller symbol placed before a larger one is taken away from it.

    IV = 4 · IX = 9 · XL = 40 · XC = 90 · CD = 400 · CM = 900

  3. Rule 3

    No more than three in a row

    The same symbol can repeat up to three times. For the fourth, subtract instead.

    III = 3 · XXX = 30 · 4 is IV, not IIII

  4. Rule 4

    Only I, X and C can subtract

    I goes before V or X, X before L or C, and C before D or M. Nothing else.

    XCIX = 99 (not IC) · CMXC = 990 (not XM)

  5. Rule 5

    V, L and D never repeat

    They are never doubled and never used to subtract.

    10 is X, not VV · 100 is C, not LL

  6. Rule 6

    There is no zero

    The system was made for counting, not place-value maths, so there is no symbol for 0.

    A date like the 10th is just X

Conversion examples

Three worked examples, one for each way to use the converter.

Number to Roman

1987 = MCMLXXXVII

Split the number by place value and convert each part:

M + CM + LXXX + VII

1000 + 900 + 80 + 7 = 1987

Roman to number

MCMLXXXIV = 1984

Read it in chunks and add them up:

M + CM + LXXX + IV

1000 + 900 + 80 + 4 = 1984

Date to Roman

14 Feb 2024

Convert day, month and year separately, then join them:

XIV · II · MMXXIV

14 = XIV, 2 = II, 2024 = MMXXIV

Where Roman numerals are used today

  • Clocks and watches. Many dials use Roman hours, often with IIII for 4.
  • Sport. The Super Bowl numbers almost every game in Roman numerals.
  • Film and TV. Copyright years in end credits are often written this way.
  • Books. Chapters, volumes and the pages of a preface.
  • Names. Monarchs and popes, such as Elizabeth II or John Paul II.
  • Outlines. Top-level headings in formal outlines and legal documents.
  • Tattoos and engraved jewelry. A date or a number in Roman numerals is a popular choice for a necklace, ring or bangle. If you're choosing a piece for a milestone, our guide to silver and gold anniversary gifts pairs naturally with an engraved date.

Why Roman numerals for a date?

A date written in Roman numerals reads as jewelry first and information second — private, elegant and quietly timeless. It is why couples engrave wedding dates on rings, why parents mark a child's birth on a bar necklace, and why anniversaries so often arrive in this form.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you write a date in Roman numerals?

Convert each part of the date (day, month and year) into Roman numerals separately, then join them with a separator such as a dot or a dash. For example, 14 February 2024 becomes XIV · II · MMXXIV (14 = XIV, February is the 2nd month = II, 2024 = MMXXIV). The order (day-month-year or month-day-year) is up to you; both are common on engraved jewelry.

What is 2026 in Roman numerals?

2026 is MMXXVI: two thousands (MM), twenty (XX) and six (VI). 2025 is MMXXV and 2024 is MMXXIV. The converter above will format any year for you instantly.

Is there a Roman numeral for zero?

No. The Roman system has no symbol for zero, because it was built for counting rather than place-value maths. This is why dates are written by converting each number (day, month, year) on its own, and why single-digit days like the 5th simply become V.

Why do couples engrave dates in Roman numerals?

Roman numerals turn a private date (a wedding, an anniversary, a birth) into an elegant, almost coded design that reads as jewelry first and information second. They look timeless, take engraving beautifully on rings and bars, and let you carry a meaningful date without it looking like a calendar entry.

What is the largest Roman numeral?

Standard Roman numerals run from 1 to 3999, which is MMMCMXCIX. Larger numbers were written with a bar (a vinculum) over a numeral to multiply it by 1,000, so a barred V means 5,000, but this notation is rare and our converter stops at 3999. For dates, that range covers every year you will need.

Why do clocks use IIII instead of IV?

Many clock and watch faces show 4 as IIII. It is a long-standing tradition rather than a mistake, and IIII also appears in some ancient Roman inscriptions. Common explanations are that it balances the face visually against VIII on the opposite side, and that it is quicker to read at a glance. No single reason is certain, and some clocks do use IV.

What year is MCMLXXXIV?

MCMLXXXIV is 1984. Break it up: M = 1000, CM = 900, LXXX = 80 and IV = 4, which adds to 1984. To check any numeral yourself, use the "Roman → number" tab in the converter above.

What do V, X, L, C, D and M stand for?

I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500 and M = 1000. Every Roman numeral is built from these seven symbols.

What is 7, 10 or 14 in Roman numerals?

7 is VII, 10 is X and 14 is XIV. The full 1 to 100 chart on this page lists every number in between.

What is the difference between Roman and Arabic numerals?

Arabic numerals (0 to 9) use place value and include zero, so the same digit means something different depending on where it sits, which makes arithmetic easy. Roman numerals use letters that are added or subtracted and have no zero. Today Roman numerals are mostly chosen for style, as on clocks, monuments and engraved jewelry.